
If I were going to craft a (Greco-)Roman Durgā ‘resonance’ representation for one of these Durgā Puja Pandals which are the custom in West Bengal (there is a rather fine Athena resonant effort I have posted previously) – I would have drawn upon Juno Sospita & Quiritis (Curitis).
This is Juno the Warrior, the epithets being ‘The Savioress’ and ‘The Spear[-Wielder]’, respectively. (The illustration, by one Kara Mitchell / kara_art03 , being of the statue of Juno Sospita held by the Vatican)
However, I also have a deeper rationale..
Speaking as applies Juno Curritis – multiple sources (Dionysus of Halicarnassus I 21; Ovid Amores III 13) attest Her worship to actually run back to Argos in Greece.
Here is the former:
“But Falerii and Fescennium were even down to my day inhabited by Romans and preserved some small remains of the Pelasgian nation, though they had earlier belonged to the Sicels. In these cities there survived for a very long time many of the ancient customs formerly in use among the Greeks, such as the fashion of their arms of war, like Argolic bucklers and spears; and whenever they sent out an army beyond their borders, either to begin a war or to resist an invasion, certain holy men, unarmed, went ahead of the rest bearing the terms of peace; similar, also, were the structure of their temples, the images of their gods, their purifications and sacrifices and many other things of that nature. 2 But the most conspicuous monument which shows that those people who drove out the Sicels once lived at Argos in the temple of Juno at Falerii, built in the same fashion as the one at Argos; here, too, the manner of the sacrificial ceremonies was similar, holy women served the sacred precinct, and an unmarried girl, called the canephorus or “basket-bearer,” performed the initial rites of the sacrifices, and there were choruses of virgins who praised the goddess in the songs of their country.”
[Dionysus of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities; I, 21 – Cary translation]
And the latter:
“When the Goddess comes, youths and timid girls
go before Her, with robes that sweep along the streets.
The girls’ hair is burdened with gold and jewels,
and noble gowns brush their gilded feet:
Veiled in white clothes in the ancient Greek fashion
they carry the sacred vessels on their heads.
The crowd is hushed when She comes with golden pomp,
drawn along behind Her priestesses.
The style of the procession is from Argos: Halaesus fled
from sin, and his father’s wealth, at Agamemnon’s murder,
then wandering in exile, over land and sea,
he founded these high walls, with fortunate hand.
He taught the rites of Juno to his Falerians.
Let Her always be a Friend to Her people, and to me!”
[Ovid, Amores; III 13, Kline translation]
(We might also make mention for Tertulian’s ‘Apologia’, wherein at XXIV we encounter a Spear Father – ‘Father Curis’ – at Falisci, as Her evident male Divine counterpart. Sound like Anyone You Know?
Why do I hold this significant ?
Following a cataclysmic (‘Pralaya’) Flood, Phoroneus was First Man & First Priest – and First King, this role bestowed by Heaven for conducting the first Rites amidst our cycle of Mankind, to Juno / Hera .
His city ? Argos.
To quote from myself upon the subject:
“It is said of Phoroneus (the ‘Bearer’ – ‘Bharata’ – of Fire and Bringer of Law) that it was precisely through such an act – indeed, being he who “Iunoni sacra primus fecit” (‘to Juno the Rites first carried out’ ) [Hyginus, Fabulae 143], assumedly utilizing that First Fire which he had obtained and which burned still at the heart of his first-founded city [Pausanias II 19 5] – that Phoroneus was bestowed the inception of rulership as boon (“[…] exordium regnandi tradidit Phoroneo, beneficium […]”) [Fabulae 143].”
The clear correlation to Manu (post-Pralaya Flood, First Man – First Priest & First King) means we readily anticipate the repeated motif through the 10th Book of the Devi Bhagavata Purana (and there are too many exemplars from therein to readily quote here), wherein Manu (or, as it happens, within that text – quite the succession thereof) attains Kingdom just as Phoroneus does – by Worshipping the Goddess !
One of these iterations, Manu Sāvarṇi / King Suratha is of particular significance for us – as it is his pious observance which forms foundation amidst man for #NavRatri (ostensibly Chaitra NavRatri), and which wins him his kingdom through victorious conquest & piety.
Hence, it seems rather fitting for the Juno Aspect(s) saliently correlate to the Argive Hera first propitiated by Phoroneus in fashion correlate to Suratha’s undertaking of first human NavRatri observance … to be the point of Classical resonance to Durgā amidst NavRatri today.
Although I am also keen on Juno Quiritis for a different style of resonance (a pun). The ‘Curitis’ refers to the Spear, which She is iconically equipped with.
What is ‘Spear’ in Sanskrit ? Śakti (शक्ति)
So … ‘Juno correlate to Spear, to Shakti’ for our purposes here today.
Jai Mata Di.
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